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In: Plant diseases-current threats and management trends. Īćimović G, Martin SKH, Turcotte DM, Meredith RL, Munck CA I (2020) Choosing an adequate pesticide delivery system for managing pathogens with difficult biologies: case studies on Diplodia corticola, Venturia inaequalis and Erwinia amylovora. In conclusion, plant inspection authorities, farmers, and industries have learned many lessons from this unforgettable and devastating epidemic, and now they will be further prepared for a similar situation.Īćimović SG, Zeng Q, McGhee GC, Sundin GW, Wise JC (2015) Control of fire blight ( Erwinia amylovora) on apple trees with trunk-injected plant resistance inducers and antibiotics and assessment of induction of pathogenesis-related protein genes. Integrated control strategies using tolerant cultivars in combination with sanitation practices as well as cultural, physical, chemical, and biological controls were deeply discussed in this review. Detection and control methods employed by farmers and imposed by the government were having much attention for the disease management. In this review, we emphasize some of the aspects of the fire blight disease symptoms, disease cycle, and pathogen development as well as control methods and measures undertaken against the fire blight outbreak. Several approaches were then taken from early detection to the management of the disease. After its first detection in Morocco in 2006, the disease was widely spread in the following years in the region, causing severe losses in quince, pear and apple productions. The fire blight disease caused by Erwinia amylovora is a major threat to apple and pear production worldwide.
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